Cum se face o analiza de date in R

R este un limbaj de programare foarte popular în domeniul analizei și viziualizării datelor. Este utilizat pentru analiza datelor statistice, explorarea datelor, vizualizarea datelor și multe alte aplicații. În acest articol vom discuta câțiva pași de bază pentru a efectua o analiză de date în R folosind un exemplu simplu.

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KeyError: ‘key_name’

The “KeyError” occurs when you try to access a dictionary key that doesn’t exist in the dictionary. This error typically indicates that you are referencing a key that is not present in the dictionary.

Consider the following code snippet:

student = {‘name’: ‘John’, ‘age’: 20}
print(student[‘grade’])

In this example, the dictionary student contains the keys 'name' and 'age'. However, when you try to access student['grade'], which is not a valid key in the dictionary, the “KeyError” occurs.

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IndexError: list index out of range

The “IndexError” occurs when you try to access an index of a sequence (such as a list or a string) that is outside the valid range of indices. This error typically indicates that you are trying to access an element at an index that doesn’t exist in the sequence.

Let’s consider the following code snippet:

numbers = [1, 2, 3]
print(numbers[3])

In this example, the list numbers contains three elements, indexed as 0, 1, and 2. However, when you try to access numbers[3], which is outside the valid range, the “IndexError” occurs.

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